Grammar: Present simple

1. Form:
   

   	Form	Exemple
   Affirmative	[Verb] + s/es in third person (la persoana a III-a)	I live in Paris. She lives in New York.
   Interogative	Do/Does + Suject + [Verb]+ .. ?	Do you like horror movies? Does she like horror movies?
   Negative	Do/does + not+ [Verb]	We don’t like Coca-Cola. She doesn’t like Coca-Cola.

    

❣Forma pozitiva se alactuieste folosind verbul la modul infinitiv, iar la persoana a III-a singular se adauga un s sau es la sfarsitul verbului.

❣ Pentru forma negativa si interogativa se foloseste verbul auxiliar do/don’t sau does/ doesn’t pentru persoana a III-a singular. Retineti ca nu se mai adauga s sau es la sfarsitul verbului.

1. Spelling rules:
   

➤ La majoritatea verbelor se adauga s
la persoana a III-a singular : writes; sings; talks; reads; etc

➤ La verbele care se termina in –ss; -sh; -ch; -x si –o se adauga es:kisses; brushes; teaches; fixes; goes.

➤ La verbele care se termina in consoana + -y, se inlocuieste y cu i si se adauga es: try→ tries; fly→ flies

➤La verbele care se termina in vocala + -y; y se pastreaza si se adauga es: buy →buyes;

1. Use :
   

➤ To talk about general truth ( pentru a exprima un adevar general)

The water boils at 100∘ C. (Apa fierbe la 100∘ C. )

➤ To talk about permanent situations, habits
and reapeated actions. (pentru a exprima situatii permanente; obiceiuri si actiuni repetate)

I live in Romania. (Locuiesc in Romania. ).

I always wake up at 8 o’clock durning the week, but on weekends I wake up late.

➤ To talk about programmes; schedules or timetables. ( pentru a exprima programe si orare).

The train stops at Brasov. (Trenul opreste la Brasov).

➤ To tell the plot of a film, and in sports commentaries.(pentru a povesti actiunea unui film, in comentariile sportive)

So then he makes his way back to Rome and becomes a gladiator. ( Si atunci se

intoarce in Roma si devine un gladiator).

Beckham passes the ball to Owen and Owen scores! ( Beckham ii

paseaza minea lui Owen si Owen inscrie!).

➤ With non-continues verbs. (cu verbe care nu au forma continua).

I love ice cream (Iubesc inghetata.)

❣ Verbul „love” nu are forma continua, deci expresia „I’m loving it” (sloganul fast-food-urilor McDonalds) este gresita!

Voi aprofunda subiectul cu aceste verbe care nu au forma continua intr-un post viitor.

1. Time expression:
   

➤ adverbs of frequency: usually, always, never, often; sometimes; rarely/seldom;

➤ every day/week/month/year; on Mondays/ Saturdays; in the morning/afternoon/night

❣ Adverbele de frecventa se utilizeaza inainte de verb.

I often visit my grandparents in Monaco.

Emily never drinks coffee.

❣Adverbele rarely (rareori), seldom (rareori) si never (niciodata) au o valoare negativa, deci nu sunt folosite niciodata dupa sintagma not .

I never take sugar in my coffee. (Niciodata nu imi beau cafeaua cu zahar.).

Sper ca iti este utila lectia si ne vedem in posturile viitoare

pentru exersa ceea ce tocmai am invatat impreuna J

Grammar: Past simple

1.Form:

	Form	Exemple
Affirmative	[Verb] + d/ed or second form of the verb for irregular person	I lived in Paris. She wrote a letter yesterday.
Interogative	Did + Suject + [Verb]+ .. ?	Did you live in Paris? Did she write a letter yesterday?
Negative	Did+ not+ [Verb]	I didn’t live in Paris. She didn’t write a letter yesterday.

❣Forma pozitiva se alactuieste folosind verbul la modul infinitiv adaugand „d” sau „ed” la sfarsitul verbului sau forma a doua la verbele iregulare.

❣Pentru forma negativa si interogativa se foloseste verbul auxiliar didn’t. Retineti ca nu se mai adauga d sau ed la sfarsitul verbului.

2.Spelling rules:

➤ La verbele care se termina in –e; se adauga -d:liked; fixed;

➤ La verbele care se termina in consoana + -y, se inlocuieste y cu i si se adauga ed: study→ studied

➤La verbele care se termina in vocala + -y, se pastreaza y si se adauga ed: play→played

➤La verbele care se termina intr-o vocala aflata intre doua consoane, se dubleaza cea de-a doua consoana si se adauga ed: travel→ travelled

3.Use :

➤ To talk about past habits or states, whether continuous or repeated ( pentru a exprima obiceiuri sau stari ce apartin trecutului, atat continue (pe o anumita perioada de timp) cat si repetate)

Long ago, they built most houses out of wood. (In trecut, ei construiau majoritatea caselor din lemn.).

He always caught the same train. (Mereu prindea/mergea cu acelasi tren.).

➤ To talk about an action that took place in a period of time that have finished. (pentru a exprima o actiune care a avut loc intr-o perioda de timp ce s-a incheiat)

I worked all the morning (now is afternoon).

( Am lucrat toata dimineata- acum este dupa-amiaza.)

➤ To describe actions that happened consecutively, or one after another in the past.

She got up, had breakfast and went out.

(Ea s-a trezit, a luat micul dejun si a plecat).

4.Time expression:

➤ yesterday, last week/year, in 1999, two years ago, when?, how long?; then; when

When I was sixteen, I visited Paris.

(Cand aveam 16 ani, am vizitat Paris-ul).

                                Ps. Lista cu cele mai comune verbe neregulate (irregular verbs) o gasesti aici .

Practice: Present continuous

Exercitiile au fost preluate din The Good Grammar Book, Oxford.

Astept comentariile, rezolvarile , sfaturile sau sugestiile tale in sectiunea de comentarii!

Ne vedem data viitoare J

Vocabulary: Months of the year

Dupa cum prea bine stiti un an este impartit in 12 luni si 4 sezoane.

Month	Short form	Days	Season
January =Ianuarie	Jan.	31	Winter (iarna )
February =Februarie	Feb.	28/29
March =Martie	Mar.	31	Spring (primavara)
April =Aprilie	Apr.	30
May =Mai	May	31
June =Iunie	Jun.	30	Summer (vara)
July =Iulie	Jul.	31
August =August	Aug.	31
September =Semptembrie	Sep.	30	Autumn (toamna)
Octomber =Octombrie	Oct.	31
November =Noiembrie	Nov.	30
December =Decembrie	Dec.	31	Winter	–

❣ La fiecare 4 ani, luna februarie are 29 de zile in loc de 28 de zile. Aceste an este numit „leap year” (an bisect) iar ziua de 29 februarie este numita „leap day”. Un an bisect are 366 de zile in loc de 365 de zile.

❣ In limba engleza, lunile anului sunt scriese intodeauna cu litera mare fiind considerate substantive proprii.